Philosophy of Religion

Named arguments and positions that concern the rational examination of religious belief, God's existence or nature, and the problem posed by evil: Pascal's wager as a decision-theoretic argument for belief under uncertainty, the cosmological argument and the ontological argument as classical arguments for God's existence from causation and from the concept of a greatest possible being respectively, the Euthyphro dilemma as the question whether the good is good because God commands it or commanded because it is good, and the problem of evil as the challenge evil poses to a benevolent and omnipotent God. Belongs here: a formulated argument or named position whose target question is the existence, nature or moral character of the divine. Does not belong here: an argument about a religious institution, scripture or a named deity, tracked as its own kind of entity or on Divinity Atlas by this atlas's own seam convention, rather than as a philosophical argument-position.