Philosophy Atlas
Claims this atlas currently marks as unsettled or as tested and found false. A debated fact is one scholars hold competing positions on; a debunked one has been checked against the record and found not to hold. Both are kept in view rather than quietly smoothed over, with the reasoning that put each one where it stands.
180 statements.
Purva Mimamsa, Start Year-300
Purva Mimamsa, Schools of Philosophy
Standing
Concerns Start Year
Currently States -300
Jaimini's dates are not independently attested; the Mimamsa Sutra is generally placed between the fourth and second centuries BCE.
Source Mimamsa (Wikipedia)
Purva Mimamsa, Founded Date0650-01-01
Purva Mimamsa, Schools of Philosophy
Standing
Concerns Founded Date
Currently States 0650-01-01
The DATE column cannot hold the -300 BCE start-year already on record for Jaimini's Mimamsa Sutra. This instead dates Kumarila Bhatta's commentarial systematization, which Wikipedia calls the founding of the first sub-school of Mimamsa; 650 approximates '7th century CE'.
Source Mimamsa (Wikipedia)
Purva Mimamsa, End Year1200
Purva Mimamsa, Schools of Philosophy
Standing
Concerns End Year
Currently States 1200
1200 approximates the High Middle Ages decline Wikipedia describes; no precise closing date is given, and Purva Mimamsa's ritual concerns persist in diminished form within Hindu practice today, so this marks the end of the school's organized philosophical dominance, not a hard extinction date.
Source Mimamsa (Wikipedia)
Pyrrho of Elis, Birth Year-360
Pyrrho of Elis, Philosophers
Standing
Concerns Birth Year
Currently States -360
Ancient chronology for Pyrrho is approximate; c. 365 to c. 360 BCE are both cited in modern scholarship.
Source Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Pyrrho of Elis, Death Year-270
Pyrrho of Elis, Philosophers
Standing
Concerns Death Year
Currently States -270
c. 275 to c. 270 BCE are both cited.
Source Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Pyrrhonism, End Year210
Pyrrhonism, Schools of Philosophy
Standing
Concerns End Year
Currently States 210
Sextus Empiricus, writing in the late second or early third century CE, is the last major Pyrrhonist whose work survives, but later writers report individual Pyrrhonists as late as the sixth century CE, so there is no settled date for when the school itself ceased.
Source Pyrrhonism (Wikipedia)
Pythagoras, Death PlaceMetapontum, Magna Graecia (traditional account; some ancient sources instead say he was killed during the anti-Pythagorean persecution at Croton)
Pythagoras, Philosophers
Standing
Concerns Death Place
Currently States Metapontum, Magna Graecia (traditional account; some ancient sources instead say he was killed during the anti-Pythagorean persecution at Croton)
Ancient sources disagree on whether Pythagoras died in the persecution at Croton or escaped and died at Metapontum.
Source Pythagoras (Wikipedia)
Pythagoreanism, End Year-400
Pythagoreanism, Schools of Philosophy
Standing
Concerns End Year
Currently States -400
marks the decline of the original Pythagorean communities in southern Italy; the tradition was later revived in a philosophically distinct form as Neopythagoreanism.
Source Pythagoreanism (Wikipedia)
Qualia, Origin Year1929
Qualia, Concepts
Standing
Concerns Origin Year
Currently States 1929
The term traces to earlier twentieth century philosophical usage; its best known statement is the 1974 paper on bat experience referenced in the description.
Ramanuja, Birth Year1017
Ramanuja, Philosophers
Standing
Concerns Birth Year
Currently States 1017
Traditional dating gives 1017 to 1137 CE, an unusually long 120 year life; recent scholarship revises this to 1077 to 1157 CE, an 80 year life. 1017 is carried here as the traditional value.
Source Ramanuja (Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
Ramanuja, Death Year1137
Ramanuja, Philosophers
Standing
Concerns Death Year
Currently States 1137
Traditional dating; recent scholarship revises his death to 1157 CE. See the birth-year note.
Source Ramanuja (Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
Sage Philosophy, Start Year1978
Sage Philosophy, Schools of Philosophy
Standing
Concerns Start Year
Currently States 1978
Oruka's sage philosophy project developed through fieldwork conducted from the late 1970s into the 1980s; no single founding year is agreed on.
Source African Sage Philosophy (Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
Sage Philosophy, Founded Date1978-07-01
Sage Philosophy, Schools of Philosophy
Standing
Concerns Founded Date
Currently States 1978-07-01
Oruka announced his project in 1974 as Thoughts on Traditional Kenyan Sages, then first presented the term philosophic sagacity in July 1978; no single founding year is agreed on, matching this entity's own start-year note.
Source African Sage Philosophy (Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
Sage Philosophy, Start Year1974
Sage Philosophy, Schools of Philosophy
Standing
Concerns Start Year
Currently States 1974
The Internet Encyclopedia states Oruka first announced his project in 1974, four years before the 1978 value already on record for when he coined the term philosophic sagacity. Kept alongside rather than replacing the existing value.
Source African Sage Philosophy (Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
Sage Philosophy, Founded Date1974-01-01
Sage Philosophy, Schools of Philosophy
Standing
Concerns Founded Date
Currently States 1974-01-01
The Internet Encyclopedia states Oruka first announced his project in 1974, four years before the 1978-07-01 value already on record for when he coined the term philosophic sagacity. Kept alongside rather than replacing the existing value.
Source African Sage Philosophy (Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
School of Names, Start Year-400
School of Names, Schools of Philosophy
Standing
Concerns Start Year
Currently States -400
dated broadly to the era of Hui Shi and Gongsun Long in the fifth to third centuries BCE; individual dates for these figures are uncertain.
Source Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
School of Names, End Year-221
School of Names, Schools of Philosophy
Standing
Concerns End Year
Currently States -221
the school did not survive as an organized tradition past the Qin unification, though its texts and puzzles continued to be discussed.
Source Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
School of Names, Start Year-501
School of Names, Schools of Philosophy
Standing
Concerns Start Year
Currently States -501
Deng Xi is named by the Stanford Encyclopedia as the earliest figure associated with the School of Names, a century before the -400 value already on record for the Hui Shi and Gongsun Long era. All surviving information about him is second-hand, so this is a genuinely earlier but less certain estimate, kept alongside rather than replacing the existing value.
Source Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Seneca, Birth Year-4
Seneca, Philosophers
Standing
Concerns Birth Year
Currently States -4
The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy gives circa 1 BCE to CE 65; other reconstructions place his birth as early as 4 BCE. No exact birth year is independently attested.
Source Seneca (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
Shams al-Din al-Shahrazuri, Death Year1288