Ethics

John Mackie...argues that when we participate in moral discourse we commit ourselves to the existence of objective values and objective prescriptions, but there are no such things.

Ethics is the philosophical study of moral phenomena. Also called moral philosophy, it investigates normative questions about what people ought to do or which behavior is morally right.

The series usually begins with a scenario in which a runaway trolley (tram) or train is on course to collide with and kill a number of people.

Environmental philosophy includes environmental ethics, environmental aesthetics, ecofeminism, environmental hermeneutics, and environmental theology.

These issues cover many areas, but fall primarily into five philosophical categories: metaphysics, ethics and moral philosophy, philosophy of law, political philosophy and aesthetics.

Bioethics is both a field of study and professional practice, interested in ethical issues related to health

In ethics, Green embraced a form of perfectionism that identifies the human good with self-realization

This practical idealism Eucken described by the term "ethical activism"

known for his work in phenomenology, ethics, and philosophical anthropology

By contrast, the duty of the male, or the masculine aspect of personality, is to strive to become a genius and to forgo sexuality for an abstract love of the absolute, God, which he finds within himself.

Guyau's works primarily analyze and respond to modern philosophy, especially moral philosophy

Pufendorf is known as a voluntarist in ethics

on the nature of virtue and the greatest good

Although primarily concerned with moral issues

an advocate of moral sentimentalism

He was at the forefront of developing the idea of a moral sense

logic, metaphysics, ethics, political philosophy, and aesthetics

major contributions to the history of moral and social philosophy

only Shaftesbury rivals him in ethics

Her Treatise on Morality and Politics, published in 1693

Jinsai is widely known for his outspoken affirmation of the validity of human emotions

which later became the basis of Ansai's moral philosophy/teachings

Kaibara was known for his manuals of behavior

where Thomasius was professor of Rhetoric and Moral Philosophy

the only real motive is self-interest, therefore there is no good and evil, only competitive pleasures

delivering an original course of lectures on morals

contains Price's theory of ethics

in 1764 transferred to the chair of "pneumatics" (mental philosophy) and moral philosophy

He attacked it mainly on the grounds of the moral evils that must flow from any system of determinism, and attempted to vindicate the freedom of the will.

He is remembered for his controversial form of skepticism and his separation of ethics from religion as an independent philosophical discipline.

Li Zhi's philosophy was based upon Neo-Confucianism, though he was a staunch critic of the then-orthodox Cheng-Zhu School

He was a professor of moral philosophy at the University of Leipzig

He was a leading exponent of probabilism and his permissive moral opinions were criticized in Pascal's Provincial Letters

His writings on logic, rhetoric, music, and ethics, preserved only in fragments and citations, helped to fix the orthodox Stoic doctrine for the next century and to introduce Stoicism to Roman intellectual life.

Her surviving Latin letters to her former lover and husband, the philosopher and theologian Peter Abelard, are masterpieces of Latin epistolary prose and develop a distinctive ethics of intention, friendship, and the relation of love to virtue.

He was a Neo-Confucianist scholar

He gained a reputation for his uncompromising adherence to upright morality

offered the Chair of Moral Philosophy at Padua

Dai argued that human desire was a good and integral part of the human experience

He composed psychological, moral and economic texts and reviews

propounding utilitarianism and opposing the egoistic ethics of Thomas Hobbes

These ancillary roles have obscured her original contributions to moral philosophy in her writings.

was a Japanese Neo-Confucian philosopher and writer during the Edo period

cast a female rather than a male as the main commentator/ knowledge holder on the ethics of love

self-improvement should begin in friendship, expand in service to the sovereign, and culminate in the cultivation of human nature

Gao's goal was to reestablish moral effort (gongfu) as a means of self-improvement

Aside from his published writings on moral philosophy

Gay's philosophical works argued that virtue was conforming to a rule of life which promotes the happiness of others.

He is best known for his work on moral theology

He was interested in rhetoric and ethics, and considered pleasure to be an evil.

Philosophy of education, epistemology, journalism, ethics, aesthetics, political philosophy, metaphysics

Ethics, social and political philosophy, logic, epistemology

Feminist theory, political philosophy, ethics, psychoanalysis, phenomenology (philosophy), phenomenology, discourse, embodied cognition, embodiment, sexuality, gender studies, Jewish philosophy

Christianity, classical studies, ethics, human nature, pedagogy, philosophy of science, poetry, political history, sociability, virtue

Applied ethics, Bioethics

Ethics, metaphysics, natural philosophy, atomic theory

Moral philosophy, political philosophy, epistemology, metaphysics, philosophy of religion

Political philosophy, philosophy of religion, ethics, race (classification of human beings), race, caste, democracy, liberation theology

Political philosophy, ethics, feminism, liberal theory

Ethics, metaethics, history of ethics, social philosophy, political philosophy

Language, semantics, rhetoric, agnosticism, ethics

Ethics, philosophy of religion, metaphysics

Aesthetics, ethics, culture, religion

Philosophy of liberation, ethics, political economy, theology, history

Ethics, aesthetics

Ethics, personal identity, rationality, philosophy of mind

Judith Jarvis Thomson (October 4, 1929, November 20, 2020) was an American philosopher who studied and worked on ethics and metaphysics.

Philosophy of language, philosophy of mind, ethics, philosophy of perception

Phenomenology Hermeneutics Philosophy of action Moral philosophy Political philosophy Philosophy of language Personal identity Narrative identity Historiography Literary criticism Ancient philosophy

EthicsmetaphysicsontologyTalmudtheology

Political philosophy, jurisprudence, ethics

LogicPhilosophy of languageMetaphysics EpistemologyEthics

Ethics, political philosophy

Moral philosophyKantianism

Political philosophy, Social philosophy, Moral philosophy, Critical theory, Recognition (sociology), Recognition

Philosophy of education, ethics

Ethics, Mathematics, Metaphysics, Music theory, Mysticism, Politics, Religion

:Metaphysics :Ethics :Physics

Political philosophy, philosophy of history, history of ideas, ethics, Marxism, modern history, Russian history, Russian literature, Romanticism

Philosophy, Islamic theology (kalam), logic, ethics, mathematics, cryptography, physics, chemistry, psychology, pharmacology, medicine, metaphysics, cosmology, astrology, music theory

Political philosophy, Politics, Philosophy of law, law, rhetoric, theology, ethics, epistemology

Her work criticizes anthropocentrism, emphasizes the self-organizing powers of nonhuman processes, and explores dissonant relations between those processes and cultural practices, rethinking sources of ethics.

Economics, ethics, political philosophy

Epistemology, ethics

Ontology, subjectivity, ethics

Ethics, grammar, history, logic, metaphysics, natural history, physics, botany

Asceticism, ethics, language, literature, logic

Philosophy of mind, epistemology, metaphysics, meta-ethics

Philosophy of mind, Natural philosophy, Ethics, Aristotelianism

Metaphysics, philosophy of language, ethics, philosophy of religion

Meta-ethics, social choice theory

Ethics, truth theory, philosophy of language

Moral philosophy, political philosophy

Ethics, philosophy of science

ethics, politics and society

Reason, ethics, religion

Reason, ethics, religious tolerance

IdentityMetaphysics EpistemologyEthics

Rabbi Zerachiah the Greek (in Hebrew, Zerachiah ha-Yavani or ha-Yewani; sometimes known by the acronymistic nickname "Ra'Za'H") was a Greek-Jewish ethicist who resided in the Byzantine Empire in the thirteenth or fourteenth century.

Ontology, formal logic, ethics, praxeology

History, Theology, medicine, ethics and philosophy

Metaphysics, epistemology, logic, philosophy of language, philosophy of perception, philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of mind, ethics, meta-ethics

Mikhail Mikhailovich Bakhtin (; Russian: Михаи́л Миха́йлович Бахти́н, IPA: [mʲɪxɐˈil mʲɪˈxajləvʲɪdʑ bɐxˈtʲin]; 16 November [O.S. 4 November] 1895-7 March 1975) was a Russian philosopher and literary critic who worked on the philosophy of language, ethics, and literary theory.

Ethics Political philosophy

Addiction, deficiency, dictation, disappearance of authority, disease, drugs, excessive force, ethics, legal subjects, rumor, stupidity, technology, telephony, tests, trauma, war

Liberalism, metaphysics, culture, ethics, freedom, history of communism, sociology, drugs, politics, dialectic, Marxism, fractal, drug liberalization, history of commerce, political philosophy, history of slavery, law

Logic, ontology, epistemology, philosophy of language, philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of science, ethics.

Philosophy of science, History of philosophy, History of Christianity, Bioethics, Environmental philosophy, Moral philosophy, cultural criticism

Political philosophy, ethics, philosophy of sexuality, philosophy of religion

Aesthetics, metaphysics, epistemology, philosophy of mind, philosophy of logic, meta-ethics

Ethics, applied ethics, LGBT studies, early modern philosophy, David Hume

Henry John McCloskey (1925-2000) was an Australian moral philosopher and writer.

Ethics, Christian philosophy, philosophy of Hegel and Emmanuel Levinas

Ethics, political philosophy

Her areas of specialisation are ethics and social philosophy, and she is especially well known for her work on the existential and moral philosophy of race.

Simon Hailwood is a British philosopher whose research concerns moral philosophy, political philosophy, environmental philosophy, environmental ethics, political realism, and pragmatism.

He is best known for his work around development philosophy and ethics for Africa, and his association with reasonabilism, Afro-constructivism, transcolonial theory, and Africanity as creative self-manifestive identity, among other concepts in contemporary African thought.

Hans-Martin Sass (4 December 1935, February 6, 2023) was a bioethicist.

Epistemology, Metaphysics, Ethics

ethics

aesthetics, ethics, philosophy of fiction

Robyn Bluhm (born 1969), is associate professor at the Department of Philosophy and Lyman Briggs College, Michigan State University, as well as a member of The NeuroGenderings Network, a group which promotes "neurofeminism". She is the current joint editor of the IJFAB: International Journal of Feminist Approaches to Bioethics

African philosophy, applied ethics, philosophy of psychology

Willem Petrus "Willie" Esterhuyse, OLS (born 19 August 1936) is an emeritus professor of philosophy and business ethics at the University of Stellenbosch, South Africa, a columnist and critic of apartheid.

Emerson developed a metaphysics of process, an epistemology of moods, and an “existentialist” ethics of self-improvement.

Ethics, poetry, religion, politics, biology, philosophy, history

Iris Murdoch (1919-1999) was a prominent British philosopher of the second half of the 20 th century, best known for her moral philosophy.

Ethics

Motsamai Molefe is a South African philosopher, one of the thinkers to have popularised African philosophy, and specifically Applied Ethics in context of Ubuntu philosophy.

Applied ethics, animal ethics, metaphysics

His main research interests include ethics and political philosophy, but also aesthetics.

His fields of interest are cited as " Continental philosophy, literatures and arts of the Francophone world, African philosophies, juridical anthropology and medical ethics".

virtue ethics

Benjamin S. Hale (born 1972) is an environmental philosopher and ethicist at the University of Colorado Boulder.

The categorical imperative (German: Kategorischer Imperativ) is the central philosophical concept in the deontological moral philosophy of Immanuel Kant.

Divine command theory (also known as theological voluntarism) is a meta-ethical theory which proposes that an action's status as morally good is equivalent to whether it is commanded by God.

The argument from marginal cases (also known as the argument from species overlap) is a philosophical argument within animal rights theory regarding the moral status of non-human animals.

that, because humans (like all organisms) have an evolutionary origin, the principles of ethics and morality that we have devised are invalid and cannot be considered objective knowledge.

The utility monster is a thought experiment in the study of ethics created by philosopher Robert Nozick in 1974 as a criticism of utilitarianism.

The principle of double effect is a set of ethical criteria which Christian philosophers have advocated for evaluating the permissibility of acting when one's otherwise

The Essentials of the Studies of the Sages (성학집요; 聖學輯要) - Fundamentals of Confucian ethics, self-cultivation and statecraft.

below.) She taught courses in modern philosophy, existentialism, contemporary French philosophy, ethics, and social and political philosophy.

Ngamen, a professor of philosophy, has specialty in Ethics, Social and Political Philosophy.

Meta-ethics Moral psychology

Metaethics, normative ethics

In South Africa, it has come to be used as a contested term for a kind of humanist philosophy, ethic, or ideology, also termed Ubuntuism propagated in the Africanisation (transition to majority rule) process of these countries during the 1980s and 1990s.

Lipsius’s lifelong project was to transform contemporary moral philosophy through a new reading of the Roman Stoic philosopher Seneca, while also revitalizing contemporary political practice by drawing on the insights provided by the Roman historian Tacitus.

The way of moral cultivation for Cheng Yi is through composure and extension of knowledge which is a gradual way towards sagehood.

Near the end of his career Hägerstrom's interest was in practical philosophy, particularly the philosophy of morals, religion, and law.