Logic

These paradoxes have stirred extensive philosophical and mathematical discussion throughout history.

Ethics, social and political philosophy, logic, epistemology

Natural philosophy metaphysics epistemology theology logic ontology politics Theological voluntarism

Metaphysics, logic, philosophy of language, theology

Logic, ontology, epistemology, philosophy of language, philosophy of mind, philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of science, set theory

Logic (particularly modal) Philosophy of language Metaphysics Set theory Epistemology Philosophy of mind History of analytic philosophy

LogicEpistemology Philosophy of science Semantics

Epistemology, metaphysics, philosophy of religion, logic, modal logic, philosophy of science, natural theology

LogicPhilosophy of languageMetaphysics EpistemologyEthics

Philosophy of mathematics Philosophy of logic Mathematical logic Philosophy of language Metaphysics History of analytic philosophy Voting theory Theology

Formal logic

Dignāga (also known as Diṅnāga, c. 470/480, c. 530/540 CE) was an Indian Buddhist philosopher and logician.

Philosophy, Islamic theology (kalam), logic, ethics, mathematics, cryptography, physics, chemistry, psychology, pharmacology, medicine, metaphysics, cosmology, astrology, music theory

Sufism, theology (kalam), philosophy, logic, Sharia, Islamic jurisprudence, Principles of Islamic jurisprudence

Alfred Tarski (; Polish: [ˈtarskʲi]; born Alfred Teitelbaum; January 14, 1901, October 26, 1983) was a Polish-American logician and mathematician.

Logic, epistemology, metaphysics, induction, counterfactuals, mereology, aesthetics, philosophy of science, philosophy of language

Kurt Friedrich Gödel ( GUR-dəl; German: [ˈkʊʁt ˈɡøːdl̩] ; April 28, 1906, January 14, 1978) was a logician, mathematician, cosmologist, and philosopher.

Alonzo Church (June 14, 1903, August 11, 1995) was an American computer scientist, mathematician, logician, and philosopher who made major contributions to mathematical logic and the foundations of theoretical computer science.

Philosophy of science, Bayesian epistemology, Philosophical logic, Free logic

Philosophy of mathematics, Epistemology, Logic, Linguistics, Mathematics, Islamic philosophy

Udayana, (Devanagari: उदयन) also known as Udayanācārya (Udyanacharya, or Master Udayana), (circa 975 - 1050 CE) was an Indian philosopher and logician of the tenth century of the Nyaya school who attempted to devise a rational theology to prove the existence of God using logic and counter the attack on the existence of God at the hands of Buddhist philosophers such as Dharmakīrti, Jñānaśrī and against the Indian school of materialism (Chārvaka).

Ethics, grammar, history, logic, metaphysics, natural history, physics, botany

Asceticism, ethics, language, literature, logic

Philosophy of language, logic, metaphysics, epistemology

Mulla Shams ad-Din Muhammad ibn Hamzah al-Fanari (Arabic: محمد بن حمزة الفناري, Turkish: Molla Şemseddin Mehmed Fenari), 1350-1431, known in short as Molla Fenari was an Ottoman logician, Islamic theologian, Islamic legal scholar, and mystical philosopher of the school of Ibn ʿArabī.

Sun-Joo Shin is a Korean-American philosopher known for her work on diagrammatic reasoning in mathematical logic, including the validity of reasoning using Venn diagrams, the existential graphs of Charles Sanders Peirce, and the philosophical distinction between diagrammatic and symbolic reasoning.

Aqidah, Kalam (Islamic theology), Logic, Fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence), Arabic prosody, Literature, Tafsir

Newton Carneiro Affonso da Costa (16 September 1929-16 April 2024) was a Brazilian mathematician, logician, and philosopher, best known for establishing and pioneering the field of paraconsistent logic.

Ancient Greek medicine, Logic

Leo the Mathematician, the Grammarian or the Philosopher (Ancient Greek: Λέων ὁ Μαθηματικός or ὁ Φιλόσοφος, Léōn ho Mathēmatikós or ho Philósophos; c. 790, after January 9, 869) was a Byzantine philosopher and logician associated with the Macedonian Renaissance and the end of the Second Byzantine Iconoclasm.

Empirical psychology Logic Pedagogy

Ontology, formal logic, ethics, praxeology

Logic, semantics, philosophy of science, model theory, methodology of science, semiotics

Philosophy of science Mathematical logic Formal logic

Philosophy Logic

Modal logic, philosophy of action, philosophy of language, epistemology, philosophy of science

Bimal Krishna Matilal (1 June 1935-8 June 1991) was an eminent philosopher whose writings presented the Indian philosophical tradition as a comprehensive system of logic incorporating most issues addressed by themes in Western philosophy.

philosophy, theology, kalam, logic, Persian literature, science

Philosophical logic, philosophy of language, epistemology, metaphysics

Metaphysics, epistemology, logic, philosophy of language, philosophy of perception, philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of mind, ethics, meta-ethics

Susanne Bobzien (born 1960) is a German-born philosopher whose research interests focus on philosophy of logic and language, determinism and freedom, and ancient philosophy.

Danielle Monique Macbeth (born 1954, Edmonton) is a Canadian philosopher whose work focuses on the philosophy of mathematics, the philosophy of language, metaphysics, and the philosophy of logic.

Philosophy of science, Logic, Confirmation theory

Metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, philosophy of mind, logic

Logic, ontology, epistemology, philosophy of language, philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of science, ethics.

Alan Mathison Turing (; 23 June 1912-7 June 1954) was an English mathematician and logician widely regarded as the father of theoretical computer science.

Logic, epistemology, theology

Philosophical logic, modal logic

Epistemology, logic, mind, mathematics, language

epistemology, philosophy of mind, philosophical logic

Sara Uckelman is the professor of logic at Durham University, co-director of the Durham Centre for Ancient and Medieval Philosophy, and deputy director of liberal arts.

It has produced some of the leading logicians of the twentieth century such as Jan Łukasiewicz, Stanisław Leśniewski, and Alfred Tarski, among others.

Philosophical logic, mathematical logic, history of logic

Stanisław Leśniewski (Polish: [lɛɕˈɲɛfskʲi]; 30 March 1886-13 May 1939) was a Polish mathematician, philosopher and logician.

his large body of work, Thomas treats most of the major sub-disciplines of philosophy, including logic, philosophy of nature, metaphysics, epistemology, philosophical psychology, philosophy of mind, philosophical

His most influential work is The Consolation of Philosophy . Boethius left a deep mark in Christian theology and provided the basis for the development of mathematics, music, logic, and dialectic in medieval Latin schools.

Suhrawardi provides an original Platonic critique of the dominant Avicennan Peripateticism of the time in the fields of logic, physics, epistemology, psychology, and metaphysics.

Medicine in the medieval Islamic world, Medicine, History of aromatherapy, Aromatherapy Philosophy and logic Kalām (Islamic theology) Science in the medieval Islamic world, Science, Islamic poetry, Poetry

In philosophy and logic, the classical liar paradox or liar's paradox or antinomy of the liar is the statement of a liar that they are lying: for instance, declaring that "I am lying".

The paradox requires only a few apparently innocuous logical deduction rules.

In philosophical logic, a slingshot argument is one of a group of arguments claiming to show that all true sentences stand for the same thing.

Uduma's research interests include African Logic, Inductive Logic, Reasoning, and African Philosophy.

His second work, published in 1898, was a book on formal logic.

He wrote over twenty scholarly books and numerous journal articles on different areas of philosophy including epistemology, logic, and phenomenology.

Her areas of expertise include: philosophy of religion, Mormon studies, philosophy of gender, and philosophy of logic.

c. 1622-5 November 1687) was a Greek Cypriot scholar and professor of philosophy and logic who was largely active in Padua and Venice in the 17th-century Italian Renaissance.

Curry is best known for his work in combinatory logic.